Salivary Concentration of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in a Group of Patients with Peri-Implantitis: A Transversal Study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to know if peri-implantitis causes an increase in the total salivary concentration of oxidative stress markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy patients, 28 men and 42 women, 60 of them with dental implants, 30 of which had peri-implantitis and 30 were healthy. The remaining 10 were the control group: healthy subjects without implants. The average number of implants per patient was 4.70 ± 2.29 in the peri-implantitis group and 2 70 ± 2.11 in the control group. Periodontal/peri-implant variables were assessed, including bleeding index, gingival index, clinical attachment level, probing depth, presence of pockets larger than 4 and 6 mm, pain to percussion, suppuration, gingival hyperplasia or granuloma, crestal bone loss (both mesially and distally), evaluated through periapical radiography. Saliva samples from the 70 subjects were collected for measurement of malondialdehyde high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and myeloperoxidase (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis) concentrations. RESULTS: Implants affected with peri-implantitis had an average follow-up of 26.40 ± 7.97 months. 4.12% of implants with peri-implantitis had a painful response to percussion. 2.06% showed suppuration; 25.77% had granuloma. The mean crestal bone loss in implants wtih peri-implantitis was 3.78 ± 1.17 mm. Total salivary malondialdehyde concentration in the peri-implantitis group (0.52 ± 0.37 µM/l) was slightly higher than that in the group with healthy implants (0.40 ± 0.16 µM/l) and also slightly higher than that in the group of healthy patients without implants (0.41 ± 0.79 µM/l), although the difference was not statistically significant, p value = .442. Myeloperoxidase concentration was slightly higher in the peri-implantitis group (12.32 ± 2.17 ng/ml) than in the group with healthy implants (11.54 ± 2.80 ng/ml) and the group of healthy patients without implants (11.86 ± 2.67 ng/ml), without statistically significant differences, p value = .584. CONCLUSIONS: The salivary concentration of oxidative stress markers in patients with peri-implantitis and without periodontitis is not higher than that found in healthy patients.

Mesenchymal dental stem cells in regenerative dentistry

In the last decade, tissue engineering is a field that has been suffering an enormous expansion in the regenerative medicine and dentistry. The use of cells as mesenchymal dental stem cells of easy access for dentist and oral surgeon, immunosuppressive properties, high proliferation and capacity to differentiate into odontoblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts and other cells implicated in the teeth, suppose a good perspective of future in the clinical dentistry. However, is necessary advance in the known of growth factors and signalling molecules implicated in tooth development and regeneration of different structures of teeth. Furthermore, these cells need a fabulous scaffold that facility their integration, differentiation, matrix synthesis and promote multiple specific interactions between cells. In this review, we give a brief description of tooth development and anatomy, definition and classification of stem cells, with special attention of mesenchymal stem cells, commonly used in the cellular therapy for their trasdifferentiation ability, non ethical problems and acceptable results in preliminary clinical trials. In terms of tissue engineering, we provide an overview of different types of mesenchymal stem cells that have been isolated from teeth, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), dental follicle progenitor stem cells (DFPCs), and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs), growth factors implicated in regeneration teeth and types of scaffolds for dental tissue regeneration (AU)

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Mesenchymal dental stem cells in regenerative dentistry.

In the last decade, tissue engineering is a field that has been suffering an enormous expansion in the regenerative medicine and dentistry. The use of cells as mesenchymal dental stem cells of easy access for dentist and oral surgeon, immunosuppressive properties, high proliferation and capacity to differentiate into odontoblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts and other cells implicated in the teeth, suppose a good perspective of future in the clinical dentistry. However, is necessary advance in the known of growth factors and signalling molecules implicated in tooth development and regeneration of different structures of teeth. Furthermore, these cells need a fabulous scaffold that facility their integration, differentiation, matrix synthesis and promote multiple specific interactions between cells. In this review, we give a brief description of tooth development and anatomy, definition and classification of stem cells, with special attention of mesenchymal stem cells, commonly used in the cellular therapy for their trasdifferentiation ability, non ethical problems and acceptable results in preliminary clinical trials. In terms of tissue engineering, we provide an overview of different types of mesenchymal stem cells that have been isolated from teeth, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), dental follicle progenitor stem cells (DFPCs), and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs), growth factors implicated in regeneration teeth and types of scaffolds for dental tissue regeneration.

Management of well-differentiated thyroglossal remnant thyroid carcinoma: time to close the debate? Report of five new cases and proposal of a definitive algorithm for treatment.

BACKGROUND: Thyroid carcinoma is diagnosed in approximately 1% to 2% of thyroglossal duct remnants (TGDR). No definite agreement exists concerning the management of TGDR carcinoma, especially regarding the role of total thyroidectomy and postoperative adjuvant therapy. We report five new cases of TGDR carcinoma and review relevant articles in an attempt to clarify this issue. METHODS: We studied the demographic, clinical, tumor-related, treatment, pathologic, and outcome data on five patients treated at our institution for a TGDR carcinoma and compared the results with the four most important series published. RESULTS: All five patients were women, and diagnosis occurred after surgery in four. The sizes of the papillary tumors were 40, 38, 25, 23, and 15 mm (mean, 28.2 mm; range, 15-40 mm). Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the TGDR had a low sensitivity (positive for one in four). A Sistrunk procedure was performed for resection of the TGDR in four patients, and plain TGDR resection was performed for the other patient. Three patients underwent repeat surgery; total thyroidectomy was performed in all cases, and cervical bilateral node dissection was performed in one case. With a median follow-up of 123.8 months (range, 8-284 months), all the patients are alive and free of disease, with no recurrences. CONCLUSIONS: TGDR carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor that is usually diagnosed after surgery; papillary carcinoma is the most common type. The currently recommended treatment is a Sistrunk procedure, with a tendency to deferred total thyroidectomy in selected cases (similar criteria exist for papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland). The prognosis is excellent, with a good long-term survival.

Implante óseo de la espuma de hidroxiapatita-09. Estudio experimental en conejos / Osseous implant of hydroxiapatite foam (HA-09). Experimental study in rabbits

Objetivos: Realizamos el estudio experimental de larespuesta ósea al implante de un nuevo biomaterial, «espumade hidroxiapatita» 09, en conejos.Material y Métodos: Para ello colocamos en ambastibias posteriores implantes de la espuma HA-09. Los animalesfueron sacrificados a la semana, al mes, cinco y ochomeses pos-implante realizándose el estudio radiológico ymorfológico (microscopía óptica y electrónica de barrido).Resultados: Observamos crecimiento óseo en el interiorde los poros y alrededor de los implantes, en todos los períodosdel estudio. El material provocó una reacción inflamatoriaprecoz y poco relevante. Durante el tiempo de implantaciónobservamos una reabsorción parcial del material.Conclusiones: La espuma de hidroxiapatita 09 puedeser considerada como un nuevo material: biocompatible,bioreabsorbible y osteoconductor, y por tanto posible sustitutoóseo

Objectives: An experimental study of the osseous responseto a new biomaterial, hydroxyapatite foam (HA-09)in rabbits was carried out.Material and Methods: Implants of HA-09 were madein both hind tibia of rabbits, which were sacrificed oneweek, one month, five months and eight months postimplantfor radiological and morphological study (opticaland electron microscopy).Results: Bone growth was observed within the poresand around the implants at all post-implant times. The materialimplants provoked an early inflammatory response oflittle consequence. Partial re-absorption of the material wasfound during the observation period.Conclusions: HA-09 can be considered for use as a possiblebone substitute. It is biocompatible, bioreabsorbableand bone-generating material

Panoramic versus conventional radiography of scaphoid fractures.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of panoramic and conventional radiography in the detection of fractures of the carpal scaphoid bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Panoramic (orthopantomographic) and conventional radiographs of 90 patients with acute or chronic wrist trauma were reviewed retrospectively. Images were analyzed and reviewed independently by four observers: two radiologists and two traumatologists. The kappa statistic was used to calculate intraand interobserver agreement and the correlation between the two imaging techniques. RESULTS: Panoramic radiography of the wrist was superior to conventional radiography in ruling out scaphoid fractures (74%, 20/27) in patients with suspicious findings on conventional radiography; revealed more cases of scaphoid fractures (21.4%, 12/56); and revealed more cases of delayed union (n = 2), nonunion (n = 3), and union (n = 3). Agreement values were higher, with better inter- and intraobserver agreement, for the panoramic examinations than for the conventional radiographic examinations. CONCLUSION: The panoramic examination of the wrist is a useful technique for the diagnosis and follow-up of scaphoid fractures. Its use is recommended as a complement to conventional radiography in cases with inconclusive findings.